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Adjudication Order in the matter of suspected insider trading in the scrip of Wipro LtdAdjudication Order in the matter of inspection of IIFL Capital Services LimitedDraft Telecommunication (Broadcasting & Cable) Services DRM Based Digital Addressable Systems Audit Manual’ for seeking comments of StakeholdersSection 42(1) of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 - Change in Daily Minimum Cash Reserve Maintenance RequirementRBI Announces Regulatory Measures for the Foreign Exchange MarketRBI launches Quarterly Order Books, Inventories and Capacity Utilisation Survey: July – September 2026 (Round 75)Risk Management and Inter-Bank Dealings - Foreign Exchange Risk ReserveOctober 6, 2026Delegation of Financial Power Rules, 1995Notification for Request for Empanelment (RFE) for Empanelment of Consulting Agencies For Digital Personal Data Protection Act (DPDPA) Gap Assessment, Compliance Framework Development and Implementation SupportDirection regarding publication of tariff offers, etc.Ministry of Textiles extends RoSCTL Scheme till 31 December 2026Adjudication Order in the matter of suspected insider trading in the scrip of Wipro LtdAdjudication Order in the matter of inspection of IIFL Capital Services LimitedDraft Telecommunication (Broadcasting & Cable) Services DRM Based Digital Addressable Systems Audit Manual’ for seeking comments of StakeholdersSection 42(1) of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 - Change in Daily Minimum Cash Reserve Maintenance RequirementRBI Announces Regulatory Measures for the Foreign Exchange MarketRBI launches Quarterly Order Books, Inventories and Capacity Utilisation Survey: July – September 2026 (Round 75)Risk Management and Inter-Bank Dealings - Foreign Exchange Risk ReserveOctober 6, 2026Delegation of Financial Power Rules, 1995Notification for Request for Empanelment (RFE) for Empanelment of Consulting Agencies For Digital Personal Data Protection Act (DPDPA) Gap Assessment, Compliance Framework Development and Implementation SupportDirection regarding publication of tariff offers, etc.Ministry of Textiles extends RoSCTL Scheme till 31 December 2026
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Governance & Reform

119 policy documents tracked in this sector, plus 549 related analysis, announcements and news items

668Total Policies
532Last 30 Days
11Policy Types
3Sources

Policy Type Breakdown

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484
act
102
analysis
28
release
27
longform
7
scheme
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notification
6
policy
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report
2
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Top Sources

LiveLaw110
The Hindu71
HT56

Constitutional foundations

Full policy history →

Where this sector's policy story begins — in the Constituent Assembly, 1946–1949.

13 December 1946Preamble

The Objectives Resolution

The Resolution's language survives almost verbatim in the Preamble, which courts still use to test legislation — from the basic structure doctrine (Kesavananda Bharati, 1973) to modern welfare and rights jurisprudence. Read the debate →

4 November 1948Draft Constitution (whole text)

Draft Constitution introduced

The choice of a parliamentary Union with strong central capacity still shapes how Indian policy is made — centrally sponsored schemes, Finance Commission transfers and the Centre-state bargaining visible in every sector today. Read the debate →

22 November 1948Article 40

Village panchayats as units of self-government

Article 40 is the constitutional seed of the 73rd Amendment (1992), which made three-tier Panchayati Raj mandatory, and of today's rural governance stack — Gram Sabhas, MGNREGA social audits and Finance Commission grants to panchayats. Read the debate →

23 November 1948Article 44

Uniform civil code

The same arguments recur in every UCC debate since — the Hindu Code Acts of the 1950s, the Special Marriage Act 1954, Shah Bano and triple talaq legislation, and Uttarakhand's 2024 state-level UCC. Read the debate →

30 November 1948Article 16Article 335

Equality of opportunity and reservation in public employment

This debate is the direct ancestor of India's reservation architecture — the Mandal Commission and OBC reservations (1990), creamy-layer jurisprudence from Indra Sawhney (1992), and the 103rd Amendment's EWS quota (2019). Read the debate →

25 May 1949Article 330Article 332Article 334

Political safeguards for minorities

The settlement survives today: SC/ST reservations in legislatures, repeatedly extended under Article 334, alongside minority rights protected through Articles 25-30, minority educational institutions and bodies like the National Commission for Minorities. Read the debate →

June 1949Article 324Article 326

Universal adult franchise and an independent Election Commission

This produced the Election Commission of India and the Representation of the People Acts (1950-51), the machinery behind the world's largest elections — and the ongoing policy debates over voter rolls, EVMs and simultaneous elections. Read the debate →

4 August 1949Article 355Article 356

Emergency powers over the states

President's Rule was invoked over a hundred times before S. R. Bommai (1994) made its use judicially reviewable — the exact abuse-versus-safeguard tension the Assembly debated, still live in every Centre-state confrontation. Read the debate →

5 September 1949Fifth ScheduleSixth ScheduleArticle 244

Scheduled Areas and tribal administration

The Fifth and Sixth Schedules underpin today's tribal policy — PESA (1996) extending panchayats to Scheduled Areas, the Forest Rights Act 2006, and the continuing autonomy demands of Sixth Schedule councils in the Northeast and Ladakh. Read the debate →

10 September 1949Article 31

Right to property and land reform

This unresolved bargain drove three decades of amendment-versus-court conflict — the First, Fourth and Twenty-fifth Amendments, Kesavananda Bharati — until the 44th Amendment (1978) demoted property to a legal right (Article 300A), with land acquisition still contested under the 2013 LARR Act. Read the debate →

14 September 1949Article 343Article 351Eighth Schedule

The language question and the Munshi-Ayyangar formula

The fifteen-year bridge became permanent through the Official Languages Act 1963 after anti-Hindi agitations; the compromise still frames the three-language formula, NEP 2020's mother-tongue instruction push, and the growth of the Eighth Schedule to 22 languages. Read the debate →

17 October 1949Article 370

Temporary provisions for Jammu and Kashmir

Article 370 governed the Union's relationship with J&K for seventy years until its effective abrogation on 5 August 2019 and the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act — upheld by the Supreme Court in December 2023 partly on the Assembly's own 'temporary' framing. Read the debate →

25 November 1949Constitution as adopted

Ambedkar's closing address: the grammar of anarchy

The speech is modern India's most-cited constitutional text — invoked by courts and policymakers on welfare, reservation and dissent alike, and the standard frame for judging whether policy has closed the social and economic gap Ambedkar named. Read the debate →

Policy documents 119

Acts, rules, notifications, schemes and budgets in force

● critical8 Aug 2024ArchivePolicy documentAct

Proposed amendments to the Waqf Act 1995 to improve governance and transparency of Waqf properties. Introduces digitisation of Waqf records, representation of women and non-Muslims on Waqf boards, and provisions for dispute resolution.

● critical24 Dec 2023ArchivePolicy documentAct

Comprehensive overhaul replacing the Indian Telegraph Act 1885 and Indian Wireless Telegraphy Act 1933. Introduces spectrum assignment by auction or administratively, biometric verification for SIMs, and regulatory sandbox provisions.

● critical15 Sept 2023ArchivePolicy documentAct

India's first standalone mediation law to promote and facilitate mediation for dispute resolution. Establishes Mediation Council of India, provides for community mediation, and gives statutory recognition to mediated settlement agreements.

▲ high1 Jul 2015ArchivePolicy documentScheme

Comprehensive initiative to transform India into a digitally empowered society with three pillars: digital infrastructure, digital governance, and digital literacy. Umbrella programme covering e-governance, broadband, and digital services.

Impact 8/10All citizens (140 crore)Operational
● critical1 Jan 2014ArchivePolicy documentAct

Established the Lokpal (federal anti-corruption ombudsman) and required states to appoint Lokayuktas within one year. Covers the Prime Minister, ministers, and MPs with jurisdiction over corruption complaints.

● critical1 Jan 2014HistoricalPolicy documentAct

Established the institution of Lokpal at the central level and Lokayuktas at the state level to inquire into allegations of corruption against public functionaries including the Prime Minister (with safeguards).

● critical29 Aug 2013ArchivePolicy documentAct

Comprehensive overhaul of corporate governance law replacing the Companies Act 1956. Introduced mandatory CSR spending (2% of net profit), class action suits, one-person companies, and enhanced auditor accountability.

● critical29 Aug 2013HistoricalPolicy documentAct

Comprehensive overhaul of corporate law replacing the Companies Act 1956. Introduced mandatory CSR spending (2% of net profits for qualifying companies), class action suits, one-person companies, and enhanced corporate governance norms.

● critical15 Jun 2005HistoricalPolicy documentAct

Landmark transparency legislation giving citizens the right to access information from public authorities. Established Information Commissions at central and state levels. Widely regarded as one of the most significant governance reforms in Indian democracy.

● critical10 Jun 2003HistoricalPolicy documentAct

Comprehensive legislation consolidating laws relating to generation, transmission, distribution, and trading of electricity. Introduced open access, delicensed generation, created regulatory commissions, and laid groundwork for power sector reform.

Analysis & research 37

Reports, briefs and long reads

◆ mediumYesterdayIDRAnalysisLong read

Democracy is more than distant institutions or elections every few years. It is precarious and urgent, a struggle by people to assert their most basic rights in their daily lives. Over the past few weeks, protests across the country have made questions about rights and accountability a public conversation. Workers, artists, activists, collectives, and students have come together on to the streets–many for the first time–to exercise their right to dissent and to make their voices count. As slogan

◆ medium6d agoTakshashilaAnalysisAnalysis

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◆ medium3w agoVidhiAnalysisAnalysis

**Manav Pamnani Introduction Artificial intelligence (“AI”) today has gained immense prominence in almost every sphere of daily life. It is no longer a mere speculative technology operating at the margins of governance but has become an increasingly integrated routine instrument through which human beings are constantly evaluated, classified, and sorted into multiple categories. For example, […] The post AI and the Production of Subjects appeared first on Vidhi Centre for Legal Policy.

◆ medium3w agoVidhiAnalysisAnalysis

**Pranav Saraf Of late, the Indian higher education landscape has witnessed an interesting legal and sociological phenomena – the notification and subsequent judicial stay of the University Grants Commission (Promotion of Equity in Higher Education Institutions) Regulations, 2026 (“Regulations”).  The Regulations were brought in as a corrective measure to address the systemic and institutional exclusion […] The post The Dialectics of Dignity and Privilege appeared first on Vidhi Centr

◆ medium10 Sept 2026VidhiAnalysisAnalysis

**Shreya Banchhor and Aashmit Gupta INTRODUCTION Less than a month ago, the Supreme Court declined a fresh probe into the Reliance-owned animal rescue and rehabilitation facility, Vantara, despite new information regarding alleged illegalities in animal imports being received from various international investigative sources, including the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora […] The post Justice in the Dark appeared first on Vidhi Centre for Legal Policy.

◆ medium10 Sept 2026TakshashilaAnalysisAnalysis

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◆ medium7 Sept 2026VidhiAnalysisAnalysis

**Saloni Maheshwari Opening Overview  The Supreme Court of India recently in Chandrabhan v. State of Maharashtra, overturned a Bombay High Court judgment that had affirmed the conviction and death sentence of an individual accused of raping and murdering a 23-year-old woman. The prosecution had relied on 14 pieces of circumstantial evidence, including CCTV footage, witness […] The post Form vs. Substance appeared first on Vidhi Centre for Legal Policy.

◆ medium6 Sept 2026TakshashilaAnalysisAnalysis

document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { // Get the table of contents and progress bar const toc = document.getElementById('TOC'); const progressBar = document.getElementById('toc-progress'); if (!toc || !progressBar) return; // Track scroll position and update the active section and progress bar updateTocOnScroll(); function updateTocOnScroll() { // Get all section headings with IDs const headings = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('h1[id], h2[id], h3[id], h4[id], h5[id],

◆ medium6 Sept 2026TakshashilaAnalysisAnalysis

document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { // Get the table of contents and progress bar const toc = document.getElementById('TOC'); const progressBar = document.getElementById('toc-progress'); if (!toc || !progressBar) return; // Track scroll position and update the active section and progress bar updateTocOnScroll(); function updateTocOnScroll() { // Get all section headings with IDs const headings = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('h1[id], h2[id], h3[id], h4[id], h5[id],

◆ medium4 Sept 2026TakshashilaAnalysisAnalysis

document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { // Get the table of contents and progress bar const toc = document.getElementById('TOC'); const progressBar = document.getElementById('toc-progress'); if (!toc || !progressBar) return; // Track scroll position and update the active section and progress bar updateTocOnScroll(); function updateTocOnScroll() { // Get all section headings with IDs const headings = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('h1[id], h2[id], h3[id], h4[id], h5[id],

◆ medium4 Sept 2026TakshashilaAnalysisAnalysis

document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { // Get the table of contents and progress bar const toc = document.getElementById('TOC'); const progressBar = document.getElementById('toc-progress'); if (!toc || !progressBar) return; // Track scroll position and update the active section and progress bar updateTocOnScroll(); function updateTocOnScroll() { // Get all section headings with IDs const headings = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('h1[id], h2[id], h3[id], h4[id], h5[id],

Announcements 27

Official press releases

1w agoNITIAnnouncementPress release

Shri Rajiv Gauba calls for stronger regulation, market-oriented reforms and institutional capacity to advance India’s energy security and support the vision of Viksit Bharat@2047 niti_admin Sat, 10/03/2026 - 21:19 Publishing Date Thu, 10/01/2026 - 12:00 Release Link https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleaseDetail.aspx?PRID=2317878&reg=48&lang=1

1w agoRBIAnnouncementPress release

With an objective to enhancing transparency and providing greater clarity to the investors, Reserve Bank introduced the Benchmark Issuance Strategy (BIS) on a pilot basis commencing Q1: FY 2026-27 involving nine States, viz., Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Keralam, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Telangana, and Uttar Pradesh. Subsequently, nine other States and one Union Territory (UT), namely Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Manipur, Meghalaya, Odisha, Punjab, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Wes

2w agoNITIAnnouncementPress release

TOC September 2026 niti_admin Fri, 09/25/2026 - 15:12 Upload Supported Document TOC-September-2026.pdf (803.59 KB) Choose Document Type Table of Content Supported File Link September 2026

◆ medium2w agoRBIAnnouncementPress release

In order to enable institutional and retail investors to plan their investments efficiently and to provide transparency and stability to the Government Securities Market, the Reserve Bank of India, in consultation with the Government of India, hereby, releases the indicative calendar for issuance of Government of India dated securities, including Sovereign Green Bonds (SGrBs), for the second half of the fiscal year 2026-27 (October 01, 2026 to March 31, 2027). The issuance calendar is as under:

3w agoNITIAnnouncementPress release

DOC September 2026 niti_admin Wed, 09/23/2026 - 14:54 Upload Supported Document DOC-PLAN-Sept-2026.pdf (336.68 KB) Choose Document Type Docplan Supported File Link September 2026

3w agoNITIAnnouncementPress release

Recent List September 2026 niti_admin Mon, 09/21/2026 - 15:17 Upload Supported Document Recent-List-September-2026.pdf (641.63 KB) Choose Document Type Additions (Recent) Supported File Link September 2026

3w agoNITIAnnouncementPress release

Book Alert September 2026 niti_admin Mon, 09/21/2026 - 15:17 Upload Supported Document Book-Alert-September-2026.pdf (526.74 KB) Choose Document Type Book Alert Supported File Link September 2026

3w agoNITIAnnouncementPress release

TOC August 2026 niti_admin Mon, 09/21/2026 - 15:17 Upload Supported Document TOC-August-2026.pdf (367.46 KB) Choose Document Type Table of Content Supported File Link August 2026

All 27 announcements →

News coverage 485

Journalism about this sector — not policy documents

All 485 news items →

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